Biological and ecological characteristics of Pardosa astrigera: Status and prospect

Pardosa astrigera, one of the dominant species of farmland spiders in the Yangtze River and Yellow River basins, is an important natural predator of pests. Comprehensively understanding the bio-ecological characteristics of P. astrigera is a prerequisite for developing effective biological control agents. We reviewed the research status of P. astrigera and summarized the previous research concerning bio-ecological characterizations of P. astrigera, with a particular focus on the life history, predatory behavior, reproduction, and development, as well as the effects of environmental factors on the growth and development of P. astrigera. In the future, toxicity, predatism, ecological adaptation, population dynamics, and adaptive evolutionary mechanisms should be further explored, which will provide a theoretical basis for the protection and utilization of P. astrigera and integrated pest management.